There is a dispute between Beis Hillel and Beis Shammai if yesh binyan b’kaylim or not. This dispute is whether or not there is a prohibition to build with vessels. Everyone agrees that we rule in accordance with Beis Hillel; however, there is a dispute among the Rishonim what exactly this means. Rashi holds that there is no building with vessels. Period. No exceptions. All of the cases that the gemara prohibits that seem to be because of binyan b’kaylim are actually prohibited because of maka b’patish, making the finishing touch to something.
The Ran and Ramban hold that there is no prohibition to build vessels. Even so, to take various pieces and to make a vessel is prohibited. Tosfos holds that “complete building”, i.e. making a very big change to a vessel, is considered building.
The most obvious place to see a practical difference between these opinions is with destroying a vessel. According to Rashi it is permitted, because it has no connection to any prohibition. There is no prohibition to undo a finishing touch. According to the Ran and Ramban it is also permitted because the destroying is done with a vessel (that is to a vessel). But according to Tosfos it is prohibited because it is a very significant change to a vessel.
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